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Model Construction of Perceived Uncertainty in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

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KMID : 0604719980050010007
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Abstract

¼­·Ð
·ù¸¶Æ¼½º °üÀý¿°Àº °üÀý°ú »À, ±ÙÀ°, ±×¸®°í Àδë¿Í °°Àº ÁÖÀ§ Á¶Á÷À» ħ¹üÇÏ´Â ÀÚ°¡ ¸é¿ª
¼º ¸¸¼º ¿°Áõ¼º ÁúȯÀÌ¸ç ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó Àü Àα¸ÀÇ ¾à 1-2% °¡·®ÀÌ ¾Î°í ÀÖ´Ù(±è¼ºÀ±, 1992). ÀÌ
ÁúȯÀº ¾ÆÁ÷ ¿¹¹æÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ°í ÀÇÇÐÀû Ä¡·á¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °£È¤ °üÇØ(remission)°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª±â´Â ÇÏ
Áö¸¸ ±× ±âÀüÀÌ È®½ÇÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, ¶§·Î º¸Á¸Àû Ä¡·á ¹× ¹°¸® Ä¡·á¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í È¿°ú°¡ ¾øÀÌ
°üÀý ÅëÁõ°ú °üÀý Á¾Ã¢ÀÌ Áö¼ÓµÇ¸ç °üÀýÀÇ º¯Çü, ¿îµ¿ Á¦ÇÑ µîÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³­´Ù.
ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ ¸é¿ª ÁúȯÀº Áõ»óÀÌ ÀÏ°üµÇ°Ô ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¸¸¼ºÁúȯº¸´Ù ¿¹ÈÄ¿Í ÁøÇà °úÁ¤¿¡
¼­ ´õ ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀÌ ³ô´Ù(Mishel, 1981). ¶ÇÇÑ ·ù¸¶Æ¼½º °üÀý¿°ÀÇ Áõ»óÀº ¾ÇÈ­¿Í °üÇØÀÇ ¾ç»ó
À» º¸À̸鼭 Á¡ÁøÀûÀ¸·Î ±âÇüÀ» º¸À̸ç(Lorig, 1987), ¸ÅÀÏÀÇ ÀÏ»ó »ýÈ° °æÇèÀº ¿¹ÃøÇÒ ¼ö
¾ø´Â ÅëÁõÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â »óÅ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù°¡ ´ÙÀ½³¯Àº ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°Ô ¿òÁ÷ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ
´Ù°í ´À³¢´Âµî ÅëÁõ Á¤µµÀÇ º¯µ¿ÀÌ ½ÉÇÏ°í, ºÒ¿¹ÃøÀûÀ̾ Àå±âÀûÀÎ °èȹÀ» ¼¼¿ì±â°¡ ¾î·Æ
´Ù(Bailey and Nielsen, 1993). µû¶ó¼­ ·ù¸¶Æ¼½º °üÀý¿°ÀÇ Áúº´ °úÁ¤¿¡ µû¸¥ ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀº ȯ
ÀÚÀÇ ½É¸®ÀûÀÎ ¾È³çÀ» Å©°Ô À§ÇùÇÏ´Â ¿äÀÎÀÌ µÈ´Ù(Lambert, Klipple, and Mewshaw, 1989).
ÀÌ¿Í°°ÀÌ Áúº´¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀÌ ³ôÀ» ¶§ ¿ª°æÀ» ´Ù¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´É·Â(mastery)ÀÌ °¨¼ÒµÇ¸ç
(Mishel and Sorenson, 1991), Áúº´À» Ä¡·áÇÏ·Á´Â ÀÇ¿åµµ »ó½ÇÇÏ°Ô µÇ¹Ç·Î(±è¼ºÀ±, 1992), ·ù
¸¶Æ¼½º °üÀý¿° ȯÀÚÀÇ ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀ» ÁÙÀÌ´Â °ÍÀº Áß¿äÇÑ °£È£ °úÁ¦¶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¿©·¯ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ ·ù¸¶Æ¼½º °üÀý¿° ȯÀÚÀÇ ºÒÈ®½Ç¼º Æò±Õ Á¡¼ö´Â(Bailey and Nielsen, 1993 ;
Oh, 1993) ´Ù¹ß¼º °æÈ­Áõ(Wineman, Durand, and Steiner, 1994)°ú ½É±Ù °æ»öÁõ ȯÀÚ
(Christman, McConnell, Pfeiffer, Webster, Schmitt, and Ries, 1988 ; Webster and
Christman, 1988), ³», ¿Ü°ú ÀÔ¿ø ȯÀÚ(ÀÌÀÎÇý, 1984), ¸¸¼º ±â°üÁö¿°À̳ª ±Þ¼ÓÇÏ°Ô ¾ÇÈ­µÈ
Æó±âÁ¾ ȯÀÚ(Small and Graydon, 1992)ÀÇ ºÒÈ®½Ç¼º Á¡¼ö¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÏ¿© ÃÑÁ¡ÀÇ ¾à 50-60%¸¦
Â÷ÁöÇÏ¿© ³ôÀº ¼öÁØÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»¾ú´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿¬±¸°á°úµéÀº ·ù¸¶Æ¼½º °üÀý¿° ȯÀÚ°¡ ´À³¢´Â ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀÌ ½É°¢Çϸç À̸¦ °¨¼Ò½ÃÄÑ
ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ½Ã±ÞÇÑ °úÁ¦ÀÓÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÅ°±â À§Çؼ­´Â ºÒÈ®½Ç
¼º Áö°¢¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ´Â ¼±Çà ¿äÀÎÀÇ ±Ô¸íÀÌ Áß¿äÇѵ¥ Áö±Ý±îÁö ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀ» ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â ¿¬±¸µé
(Braden, 1990a, 1990b, 1993 ; Christman, McCnnell, Pfeiffer, Webster, Schmitt, and Ries,
1988 ; Mishel and Brazen, 1987, 1988 ; Wineman, 1990)¿¡¼­´Â ÀÏ°üµÈ °á°ú¸¦ ¾òÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´
°í, ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ ¿¬±¸µé(±è¸íÀÚ, 1985 ;ÀÌÀÎÇý, 1984)¿¡¼­µµ ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î¸¸ ºÒÈ®½Ç¼º ¼±Çà¿äÀÎ
À» ´Ù·ç¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿¬±¸ °á°ú¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÅ°´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÇ ÀÌ·ÐÀû ±Ù°Å¸¦ °®Áö
¸øÇÏ´Â ½ÇÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀ» °¨¼Ò ½ÃÅ°±â À§Çؼ­´Â ¿ì¼± ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀÇ ¼³¸í ¿äÀÎÀ»
±Ô¸íÇÏ´Â ¿¬±¸°¡ ¼±ÇàµÇ¾î¾ßÇÑ´Ù.

Rheumatoid arthritis, unlike other chronic diseases, causes the patients to experience
uncertainty in their daily lives and thus to feel threat on their emotional comfort
because of inconsistent and unpredictable symptoms such as pale. Therefore, a
theoretical framework is needed for explanation of uncertainty in patients having
rheumatoid arthritis.
A hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of Mishel's Uncertainty Theory
and other literature review. The model included 9 theoretical concepts and 19 paths.
Subjects of the study constituted 330 partients who visited outpatient clinics of two
university hospitals and one general hospital in Seoul.
Self report questionnaires were used to measure the variables affecting uncertainty.
Reliability coefficients of these instruments were found Cronbach's Alpha=.70¡­.94. In
data analysis, SAS program and PC-LISREL 8.03 computer program were utilized for
descriptive statistics and covariance structure analysis.
The results of covariance structure analysis for model fitness were as follows :
1) Hypothetical model showed a good fit to the empirical data
Chi-square(X2)=41.81(df=11, P=.000), Goodness of Fit Index=.974, Root
Mean Square Residual=.049, Normed Fit Index=.928, Non Normed Fit Index=.814.
2) For the validity and the parcimony of model, a modified model was constructed by
appending 2 paths and deleting 5 paths according to the criteria of statistical
significance and meaningfulness.
3) The results of hypothesis testing were as follows :
(1) Educational level, event familiarity and severity of illness had a direct effect on
uncertainty, Event congruency had both direct and indirect effect on uncertainty ;
Credible authority and symptom consistency had a nonsignificant direct effect on
uncertainty.
(2) illness duration, symptom consistency, and event congruency had a direct effect on
severity of illness ; Credible authority had a both direct and indirect effect on severity
of illness ; Event congruency had the greatest effect on severity of illness, and event
familiarity had a nonsignificant direct effect on severity of illness.

KeyWords

Rheumatoid Arthritis, Uncertainty, Model construction,
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